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Among HIV-infected individuals, sustained adherence to antiretroviral regimens is necessary, both to ensure treatment effectiveness and to slow the development and spread of drug resistance. Concern has been raised that adherence might be poor in Africa, where much of the population lives in poverty and has little formal education.
To determine whether this concern is justified, researchers performed a meta-analysis of studies that evaluated adherence to antiretroviral medications among heterogeneous populations in sub-Saharan Africa (27 studies totaling 12,116 patients) and North America (31 studies totaling 17,573 patients). Self-reports of adherence were utilized in 71% of the studies at North American sites and 66% of those at African si…