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Worldwide, more than 4 million people are newly infected with HIV each year, highlighting the need for much stronger prevention efforts. Male circumcision and microbicides have both received media attention lately, and, as highlighted at the 14th Retrovirus Conference, the news has been great on some fronts but not as good on others. Regardless, these interventions represent major opportunities for prevention.
Male circumcision is the most exiting news in HIV prevention since the ACTG 076 results were presented more than a decade ago, showing that perinatal AZT protected against vertical HIV transmission. Three trials in South Africa, Uganda, and Kenya, involving more than 10,000 men, have now shown that circumcision can cut men’s risk for H…