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Although the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts ≥200 cells/mm3, studies evaluating its efficacy have yielded mixed results (ACC Sep 1 2000, Jan 1 2001, and Jul 27 2005). The latest such study supports the usefulness of the vaccination for all HIV-infected patients.
From 1995 through 2005, investigators reviewed data from all HIV-infected patients at four hospitals in Spain and identified 186 patients with pneumococcal infection and 552 control subjects. Controls did not have pneumococcal infection or bacterial pneumonia and were matched with cases by sex, age, CD4-cell count, and mode of HIV acquisition. In multivariate analysis, cirrhosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and active…