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During the past year, three new antiretrovirals, two of them representing novel drug classes, were approved by the FDA for the treatment of highly resistant HIV — the second-generation NNRTI etravirine, the integrase inhibitor raltegravir, and the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc. Determining pathways and predictors of resistance to these drugs is critical, as was described at this year’s International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop.
The hallmark of the novel NNRTI etravirine is its activity against viruses that are resistant to both efavirenz and nevirapine. However, response to this drug can be impaired if NNRTI-resistance mutations accumulate in sufficient numbers or emerge in particular combinations. Previous analyses from the DUET studi…