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The National Institutes of Health, the CDC, and the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America have published an update of their 2004 guidelines for the prevention and treatment of HIV-related opportunistic infections (OIs). These guidelines — which appear in the March 24, 2009, edition of MMWR — were released prepublication last summer and reviewed in the July 21, 2008, issue of Journal Watch AIDS Clinical Care. The only major change in the guidelines since their release last summer relates to the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. Consistent with HIV treatment guidelines from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the OI treatment guidelines now recommend antiretroviral therapy (ART), …