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A high level of adherence to prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART) is considered a key parameter for successful long-term management of HIV infection. However, there is no clear guidance on how best to estimate ART adherence. Researchers recently reviewed the literature on this topic, with a particular focus on adherence measures that are based on pharmacy data (i.e., prescription refill information or pill counts).
The researchers identified 36 studies (24 from high-income countries and 12 from low- or middle-income countries) that evaluated the association between pharmacy-based measures of adherence and laboratory or clinical outcomes. Although the adherence measures were heterogeneous, they generally predicted both virologic and nonvir…