In an open-label clinical trial, taking isoniazid alone for 6 months was just as effective as taking it for longer or adding rifamycin.
Isoniazid is effective in preventing tuberculosis (TB) and is currently recommended by the WHO (at a dose of 300 mg daily for 6 months) for all HIV-infected individuals who have a positive tuberculin skin test or are living in areas where skin testing is not feasible and the prevalence of latent TB exceeds 30%. Unfortunately, isoniazid prophylaxis is not widely used because of concerns about drug resistance, low adherence rates, and the potential for reinfection.
In this open-label, randomized trial, researchers evaluated the efficacy of three alternative TB prophylactic regimens relative to standard isoniazid therapy. A total of 1148 HIV-infected adults in South Africa who had a positive tuberculin skin test but were not yet on antiretrovir…
Reviewing Author
DisclosuresConsultant/Advisory BoardUNAIDS; WHO; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Population Council
Grant/Research SupportNIH; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Tides Foundation/MAC AIDS Fund; USAID; South African National Research Foundation; European Union; South African Medical Research Council
Editorial BoardsNew England Journal of Medicine; AIDS Reviews; AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; mBio; Indian Journal of Medical Research; JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
DisclosuresConsultant/Advisory BoardUNAIDS; WHO; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Population Council
Grant/Research SupportNIH; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Tides Foundation/MAC AIDS Fund; USAID; South African National Research Foundation; European Union; South African Medical Research Council
Editorial BoardsNew England Journal of Medicine; AIDS Reviews; AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses; mBio; Indian Journal of Medical Research; JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes