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Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) first gained momentum in the 1990s, when a case-control study showed an 81% reduction in the odds of HIV acquisition among healthcare workers who used short-course antiretroviral therapy following percutaneous exposure to HIV-infected blood (N Eng J Med 1997; 337:1485). PEP is now recommended not only for occupational exposures, but also for sexual and injection-drug use exposures, even though no data are available to directly support its use under these circumstances.
In the present study, researchers evaluated the incidence of HIV infection among 355 men who have sex with men (MSM) who received at least one course of PEP in Amsterdam and underwent follow-up testing at 3 and 6 months. The comparison group was …