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The hyperinflammatory initial phase of severe sepsis is followed by a compensatory anti-inflammatory phase and immunoparalysis. Although some patients can be stabilized during the hyperinflammatory phase (e.g., with early goal-directed therapy), others succumb to secondary infections while immunocompromised. HLA-DR expression on monocytes (mHLA-DR) has been suggested as a marker of immune system reactivity during the course of sepsis. Might it also have prognostic value?
To find out, researchers in Paris conducted a prospective, observational study involving 283 critically ill patients with SAPS II scores >15 and ICU stays ≥3 days. Among these patients, 157 had undergone surgery during the previous 2 weeks, and 90 were suffering from severe …