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The currently used yellow fever vaccine — a live attenuated preparation based on strain 17D — was developed in 1936. Although highly effective, this vaccine can cause serious viscerotropic and neurotropic reactions as well as anaphylaxis. A purified whole-virus, inactivated, cell-culture–derived vaccine (XRX-001) produced using the 17D strain has proven efficacious in animal challenge studies. Now, researchers in the U.S. have conducted a double-blind, dose-escalation, phase I study of this preparation. The study was sponsored by the vaccine developer.
Participants were 60 healthy adults who had never been vaccinated against yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, or tick-borne encephalitis and had no history of overseas military service or tra…