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Insecticide-treated bednets are an essential component of malaria-control programs in Africa. However, with the widespread use of such nets, resistance has emerged in mosquitoes. To assess whether nets still protect once mosquitoes become resistant to pyrethroids, investigators conducted household trials in 2008 in Benin, where mosquitoes are mostly resistant in the south but remain mostly susceptible in the north.
Sixteen households were selected for study; each had a sleeping room with a close-fitting door and a window that allowed placement of a mosquito exit trap. Traps were put in place before dusk and emptied of mosquitoes at 7 a.m.; indoor resting mosquitoes were also collected. For 5 consecutive nights, the participants used bednets …