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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in several areas of the world. Although the condition eventually resolves without therapy, treatment is warranted because of the potential for severe disfigurement or secondary bacterial infection. Various therapies have been tried, but limitations in efficacy and safety have prompted additional investigation. Now, researchers have conducted a phase III, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group trial in Tunisia (where Leishmania major is endemic) to explore the use of topical paromomycin.
The researchers compared three preparations — 15% paromomycin/0.5% gentamicin cream, 15% paromomycin cream, and vehicle-control cream — administered once daily for 20 days by study personnel. Inclusion …