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Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. In experimental settings, long-chain n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have antiarrhythmic effects. To determine whether perioperative supplemental intake of n-3 PUFAs reduces postoperative AF, investigators enrolled 1516 patients (48% of those screened and 94% of those eligible; mean age, 64; 72% men) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial. All patients were scheduled for cardiac surgery (valve surgery, 52%) between August 2010 and June 2012, and fish oil or placebo supplements were started at randomization, between 1 and 5 days before the procedure. Postoperative medications were similar in b…