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Liver transplantation and surgical resection are considered curative in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, these modalities are not always applicable (e.g., cases of liver-donor shortages or ineligibility for surgical resection because of underlying liver dysfunction/portal hypertension). Randomized trial findings suggest that radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has similar survival benefits to surgical resection (Ann Surg 2006; 243:321).
To estimate survival of patients undergoing RFA, investigators studied 10 years of follow-up data for 1170 patients who were ineligible for surgical resection or liver transplant or had refused surgery and had no extrahepatic tumor burden. The main study outcomes were HCC recurrence and ov…