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Resistance to antibiotic drugs, particularly clarithromycin, is a major limitation in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in some geographic regions. Consensus guidelines have suggested bismuth-based therapy in such regions (Gut 2007; 56:772), but that approach is often poorly tolerated by patients.
To compare the efficacy of two nonbismuth treatment regimens in eradicating H. pylori infection in a region with high clarithromycin resistance, investigators conducted a randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial involving 180 treatment-naive patients with H. pylori infection from two hospitals in Italy. Participants received a 5-day concomitant regimen of esomeprazole (40 mg), amoxicillin (1 g), levofloxacin (500 mg), and tinidazol…