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Both tenofovir and entecavir are considered first-line oral antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In previous studies, nephrotoxicity has been observed with tenofovir therapy in patients coinfected with HBV and HIV. However, whether similar renal toxicity is present during tenofovir therapy in patients with HBV monoinfection is unclear.
This community-based, retrospective study compared nephrotoxicity in 80 patients with HBV infection who were treated with tenofovir (300 mg with varying frequency) — alone or in combination with another antiviral — and in 80 age- and sex-matched patients treated with entecavir alone (0.5 mg or 1 mg with varying frequency). Nephrotoxicity was defined as an incidence of serum creatinin…