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Prior research has suggested a link between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer disease (AD). These studies include reports of an increased risk for dementia in people with type 2 diabetes and molecular studies describing a complex interplay between amyloid-beta — the primary component of neuritic plaques (NPs) — and insulin signaling in the brain. The specific relation between diabetes and AD pathology is unclear and is further complicated by the potential role of hypoglycemic medications in the pathophysiology of AD.
To determine the relation between diabetes treatments and severity of AD pathology, researchers conducted autopsies on brains from residents of one home for elders: 124 patients with diabetes and 124 patients without diabetes matche…