Neurological Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV

These authors retrospectively analyzed the neurological disorders attributable to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (neuro-IRIS), which is caused by combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV infection. They studied the incidence, demographics, and clinical, neuroimaging, and laboratory abnormalities in seven patients diagnosed with neuro-IRIS in Alberta, Canada, during an 8-year period. Neuro-IRIS was defined as a new neurological disturbance or worsening preexisting condition after the initiation of cART, not explained by drug toxicity or by the expected course of opportunistic infection (OI), and occurring in association with a rise in CD4 T cells and a drop in serum HIV load.

Of the 461 patients treated with cART in souther…