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Diets in developed countries include inadequate levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), leading researchers to study the effects of PUFAs on gestational and postpartum depression and infant cognition. In the current study from Australia, pregnant women (<21 weeks' gestation) who were not already taking supplementary PUFAs were randomized to daily supplements (800 mg docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and 100 mg eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) or placebo (similar-appearing capsules of vegetable oil).
At 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum, 2399 mothers completed a brief depression scale; at age 18 months, 726 children of these mothers underwent developmental assessments with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. In analyses con…