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To improve hearing and developmental outcomes in children with otitis media, tympanostomy tubes often are used to reduce middle-ear effusions. In a long-term follow-up study, 391 children were randomized to either prompt or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes before age 3 years. At ages 9 to 11 years, comprehensive assessments yielded no significant differences between groups in speech and language, intelligence, academic achievement, or parent and teacher ratings of behavior (Journal Watch Feb 1 2007).
Randomized trials in critically ill adults have shown that restrictive transfusion policies are superior to liberal strategies. …