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In only a few clinical trials have investigators evaluated smoking cessation interventions in adolescents. Researchers randomly assigned eight pediatric primary care practices in Massachusetts to offer adolescents (age range, 13–17 years) a provider- and peer-delivered intervention (1344 patients) or usual care (1365 patients). Providers at intervention practices asked adolescents about smoking, gave advice about cessation to smokers and continued abstinence to nonsmokers, and referred patients to peer counselors. Peer counselors were college students and former smokers who met with adolescents for 15 to 30 minutes and then followed up with 10-minute telephone calls at 2, 6, 12, and 21 weeks.
At both 6- and 12-month follow-ups, nonsmokers at…