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In the previously published Women’s Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS), 8187 women with cardiac risk factors were randomized to receive vitamin C, vitamin E, beta carotene, combinations of these vitamins, or placebo. During an average 9 years of treatment, none of the antioxidants lowered the incidence of cardiovascular events compared with placebo (JW Sep 27 2007). Now, the researchers focus on cancer outcomes among the 7627 participants (age, ≥40; mean age, 60) who were cancer-free at enrollment.
During the 9-year follow-up, 624 women were diagnosed with invasive cancer (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer), and 176 women died from cancer. None of the antioxidant vitamins, singly or in combination, lowered risk for cancer or cancer deat…