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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is identified in more patients now than in the past, in part because of widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mayo Clinic researchers present this series of 113 PRES patients, hospitalized between 1999 and 2009. Criteria for inclusion were (1) acute neurological changes, such as seizure, headache, encephalopathy, visual disturbance, or focal deficit; (2) focal vasogenic edema on imaging; and (3) clinical or radiological reversibility.
The most common primary etiologies were hypertension, cytotoxic drugs, sepsis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and preeclampsia or eclampsia. Renal failure was present in 57% of patients, and autoimmune disease was present in 45%. Most patie…