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Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) have excess risk for depression and vice versa. Investigators studied more than 1000 patients with CHD to determine which depression symptoms were associated most strongly with new adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, transient ischemic attack, and stroke.
Somatic symptoms, such as fatigue (hazard ratio, 1.34), appetite problems (HR, 1.46), and sleeping difficulties (HR, 1.26), were independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events even after adjustment for demographic data and cardiac risk factors. In contrast, cognitive symptoms, such as depressed mood, concentration problems, and even suicidal ideation, were not independent predictors.