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More than 60,000 people worldwide undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) annually. Although recurrent cancer and chronic graft-versus-host disease are the most common causes of treatment-related mortality beyond 2 years, cardiovascular complications also occur commonly. To better characterize cardiovascular risk, researchers in Washington State matched >1000 patients who had undergone HSCT between 1985 and 2006 and who had survived longer than 2 years with people selected randomly (by age and sex) from a statewide drivers' license database. Mortality and cardiovascular outcomes were determined by using statewide hospital discharge records and death registries through 2008.
All-cause mortality was 43.0 per 1000 person-years fo…