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Cytogenetic abnormalities are powerful positive and negative predictors of clinical and therapeutic responses in adults with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). However, nearly half of all patients have leukemia cells with normal karyotypes, and clinical outcomes among these patients are highly heterogeneous. As small mutations that occur commonly in individual leukemia-cell genes are not detectable in gross karyotype analyses, investigators from the German-Austrian AML Study Group performed a retrospective analysis of mutation frequency in five specific genes — NPM1, FLT3 (including internal tandem duplication [ITD] or tyrosine kinase domain mutation [TKD]), CEBPA, MLL, and NRAS — and correlated the DNA findings with treatment response.
A tot…