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Outcomes for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are typically poor because of adverse prognostic subtypes and comorbid illnesses. One approach that has improved outcomes in patients younger than 60 — increasing the cytarabine dose in the typical “7+3” induction therapy regimen (7 days of cytarabine plus 3 days of daunorubicin) — has proved too toxic for older patients. To address the need for better treatment options in this older population, European investigators conducted a phase III trial designed to compare standard versus intensive dosing of daunorubicin for patients aged 60 to 83. Patients with newly diagnosed AML (excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia) or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) received cytarabine (2…