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Triple-negative breast cancer (negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]) accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers and is challenging to manage because it lacks a therapeutic target. Although triple-negative breast tumors are sensitive to chemotherapy, they are associated with aggressive clinical courses and poor survival. This form of breast cancer shares certain pathological characteristics with BRCA1 mutation–associated breast cancers, such as defects in homologous recombination-dependent DNA repair pathways. Poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an enzyme that is critical to the functioning of a major DNA repair pathway, the base-excision repair pathway…