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Acute tonic–clonic seizures and convulsive status epilepticus are medical emergencies in children. Treatment traditionally has been based on clinical experience and extrapolated adult protocols rather than on high-quality pediatric studies. In 2002, the Cochrane Collaboration originally reviewed acute seizure treatment in children, based on results from one study published in 1995. Now, they present new conclusions based on review of three additional studies.
All four studies were unblinded, randomized, or quasi-randomized head-to-head trials of different anticonvulsants (use of placebo would have been unethical) and included a total of 483 patients (age range, 1 month to 16 years) who were treated in emergency departments (EDs). Clinical he…