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Research suggests that up to 10% of young infants with fever and bronchiolitis who are hospitalized or evaluated in the emergency department (ED) have concurrent serious bacterial infection. In a clinic-based study, researchers prospectively examined the treatment and incidence of bacterial infection among 3066 febrile infants (temperature, ≥38°C; age, ≤3 months) with and without initial diagnoses of bronchiolitis.
Practice-based pediatricians made initial diagnoses before obtaining test results and treated the infants according to their usual practice. Bronchiolitis was the initial diagnosis in 218 infants (7%). Compared with infants without an initial diagnosis of bronchiolitis, those with the diagnosis were significantly older (mean age, …