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Some studies suggest that children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries have increased risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and that children diagnosed with ADHD have worse symptoms following brain injury than children without pre-injury behavior problems. In a retrospective cohort study, researchers reviewed medical records in a U.K. primary care dataset to compare the incidence of ADHD diagnoses (between ages 2 and 10 years) in 2782 children with head injuries, 1116 children with burn injuries, and 58,190 children with neither injury before age 2 years.
ADHD was diagnosed in 934 children (1.5%). In analyses that adjusted for sex, prematurity, and socioeconomic status, risk for diagnosis of ADHD was significantly higher…