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Macrosomia (birth weight ≥4000 g) is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but do other perinatal risk factors, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), modify this risk? To find out, researchers performed a retrospective cohort study of 36,241 singleton pregnancies delivered at term at a single center in California between 1982 and 2006. All mothers were screened for GDM. Exclusions were pregestational diabetes, noncephalic presentation, cesarean delivery without a trial of labor, and congenital anomalies.
Infants were grouped by birth weight (<4000 g or ≥4000 g) and mothers’ GDM status. Among infants of mothers without GDM, those with macrosomia had significantly higher rates of neonatal hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrom…