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Approximately 500,000 cases of genital warts occur each year in the U.S., and 90% are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. The oncogenic HPV serotypes 16 and 18 are responsible for about 70% of cervical cancers. Since 2006, a quadrivalent HPV vaccine (HPV4) containing all four serotypes has been available for females ages 9 through 26 years. In October 2009, the FDA licensed a new HPV vaccine for females and the HPV4 for use in males.
The newly licensed HPV2 vaccine is a bivalent vaccine directed against HPV 16 and 18, for use in females ages 10 through 25 years. In clinical trials, the vaccine had 93% efficacy against HPV 16 or 18 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 and adenocarcinoma in situ but no efficacy in p…