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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can lead to cardiopulmonary and neurobehavioral consequences in children. Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgical treatment for this condition, but some medical therapies have shown promise, including the leukotriene modifier montelukast in an open-label study. In this placebo-controlled, double-blind study, researchers in Israel randomized 46 nonobese children (age range, 2–10 years) who were referred for habitual snoring and were diagnosed with mild or moderate OSA by sleep study to receive daily oral montelukast (4 mg for ages 2–5 years and 5 mg for ages 6–10 years) or placebo for 12 weeks.
Children who received montelukast had a significant reduction in the number of sleep study-documented obstructive…