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An estimated 10% of preschool children exhibit early disruptive behavior problems, including oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. These behaviors are also common in children with severe forms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Many children with disruptive behavior problems are prescribed atypical antipsychotic medication, although an evidence base for this form of pharmacotherapy in young children does not exist. Behavior modification is effective but less readily available. Researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 36 randomized controlled trials (involving 3042 young children; age range, 2.0–7.7 years) of psychosocial treatments for disruptive behavior problems. Presenting behaviors included aggression, ser…