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Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a frustrating and painful complication of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Surgical treatments are accompanied by risk for pain or vulvar disfigurement and do not prevent the possibility of recurrence or progression. Now, Dutch researchers have conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to determine whether VIN can be ameliorated or eliminated with 5% imiquimod cream (Aldara; provided by the manufacturer), an immune-response modifier currently used for treatment of genital warts. Participants were 18 or older and had histologically confirmed multifocal grade 2 or 3 VIN without microinvasion; lesions were tested for HPV DNA. Imiquimod (n=26) or placebo cream (n=26) was applied by par…