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Pulmonary tissue, whether normal or malignant, contains estrogen receptors; moreover, the proportion of lung cancers in never-smokers is higher in men (10%) than in women (15%–25%). To explore whether hormone-related factors are associated with lung cancer risk, researchers conducted a population-based study in which they compared menstrual and pregnancy characteristics in 422 women with lung cancer (diagnosed in 1996 or 1997; 48% adenocarcinoma) and 577 control women from Montreal (mean overall age, 61).
Most cases (92%) and half of controls (48%) were current or former smokers. About 85% of participants with induced menopause had undergone bilateral oophorectomy. Among all participants, prior bilateral (but not unilateral) oophorectomy was…