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The WHO recommends vaccination of children worldwide to protect against rotavirus infection. Efficacy of the two available live attenuated oral vaccines — Rotarix (monovalent) and RotaTeq (pentavalent) — has varied, with better results in higher-income settings and some waning of protection in children aged >1 year. In addition, widespread use in some countries has been curtailed due to worries about vaccine-related intussusception.
Immunization with Rotarix (2 doses, at 2 and 4 months of age) has been recommended for all children in Bolivia since 2008. In a recent case-control study conducted at six hospitals in that country between March 2010 and June 2011, researchers evaluated the vaccine's effectiveness in preventing hospital admission …