Loading...
Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been linked to adverse outcomes in pregnancy (e.g., spontaneous abortion, growth retardation, preterm delivery) and in the offspring (conduct disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, criminal behavior). Are adverse neurobehavioral outcomes caused directly by tobacco exposure, linked to environmental factors (e.g., parenting practices, parental psychopathology, rearing environment) or related to common genetic factors increasing risk for both tobacco use and externalizing disorders?
To learn more, researchers used data from three longitudinal studies to examine conduct problems in children (age range, 4–10 years) reared by genetically related and unrelated mothers (typically, adoptive mothers).…