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Aspirin and related drugs reduce polyp formation in familial adenomatous polyposis, reduce the risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with Lynch syndrome, affect the risk for CRC in the general population, and improve survival in patients with curatively treated colon cancer. Recent studies have indicated that the cancer-preventive benefit for aspirin may be limited to patients whose tumors overexpress cyclooxgengase-2, the target of aspirin therapy. Activating tumor mutations, including PI3 kinase mutations, in cellular pathways that may affect prostaglandin synthesis have also been linked to the preventive benefit of aspirin therapy.
Because activating BRAF mutations may upregulate prostaglandin synthesis and potentially abrogate an …