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Early research into schizophrenia genetics examined whether risk genes would be disease-specific, as in disorders like Huntington disease. Results thus far have not shown schizophrenia-specific loci. Although some copy number variations (CNVs) are more prevalent in some families with schizophrenia than in families without the disorder, no CNVs are pathognomonic for schizophrenia. Thus, rather than looking for specific genes or CNVs, these investigators examined common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the genome, reasoning that schizophrenia may be associated with combinations of thousands of common SNPs.
Genome-wide association studies were conducted on 5001 cases with schizophrenia and 6243 controls in Sweden and 8832 cases…