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Do women really get depressed twice as frequently as men, or does differential expression of depression lead to less-frequent diagnosis of depression in men? For example, some practitioners believe that externalizing symptoms such as irritability, anger attacks, substance abuse, hyperactivity, and risk taking are more common in depressed men. In a retrospective analysis of data from 5692 subjects (mean age, 45; 58% women) in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, investigators used two scales that they developed to determine whether such symptoms would cluster with each other and with the diagnosis of depression. One scale measured symptoms that are more common in men; the other measured both these and traditional symptoms.
Among respo…