Brain microstructures may be abnormal even in individuals without cognitive symptoms.
Higher fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, even within the normal range, are associated with cognitive problems and hippocampal abnormalities (NEJM JW Psychiatry May 6 2013 and Nov 1 2013). Extending these findings, researchers have examined white-matter integrity on diffusion tensor imaging in 127 cognitively healthy individuals (age range, 41–86) who were divided into high and low insulin-resistance levels on the homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), which is calculated from fasting levels of serum insulin and glucose.
Patients with high HOMA-IR had higher triglyceride concentrations, higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and greater use of hypoglycemic medications. Independent of confounding fac…
Reviewing Author
DisclosuresRoyaltiesTextbook of Traumatic Brain Injury, 2nd and 3rd editions
Editorial BoardsUpToDate; Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Leadership Positions in Professional SocietiesNorth American Brain Injury Association (Board Member); National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (Chair of Data Monitoring Safety Board for study of donepezil on cognition after traumatic brain injury)
DisclosuresRoyaltiesTextbook of Traumatic Brain Injury, 2nd and 3rd editions
Editorial BoardsUpToDate; Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Leadership Positions in Professional SocietiesNorth American Brain Injury Association (Board Member); National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (Chair of Data Monitoring Safety Board for study of donepezil on cognition after traumatic brain injury)