Outcomes of Multimodal Treatment for Gender Dysphoria in Young Adults

Long-term outcomes of comprehensive treatment (pubertal suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, cross-sex hormonal therapy, and gender-reassignment surgery) for gender dysphoria in transgender adolescents are not well studied.

Investigators from a multidisciplinary clinic in the Netherlands assessed outcomes in 55 youth treated for gender dysphoria (including 22 transwomen [born male experiencing female gender identity] and 33 transmen [born female experiencing male gender identity]) using standardized psychosocial measures at three time points: 1 year before pubertal suppression initiation (T₀; mean age, 13.6 years), at introduction of cross-sex hormones (T_1; mean age, 16.7), and 1 year after gender-reassignment surgery (T…