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Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bloodstream infections and is associated with considerable mortality (10%–30%). The comparative clinical effectiveness of first-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefazolin) and antistaphylococcal penicillins (nafcillin, oxacillin, or flucloxacillin) for such infections remains unclear. Now, researchers in Canada have published the results of a retrospective cohort study involving adults who were treated at their institutions for S. aureus bacteremia between April 2007 and March 2010 and received cefazolin or cloxacillin as the predominant definitive antibiotic (n=105 and 249, respectively).
Median duration of treatment was 17 days for patients receiving cefazolin and 19 days for those receiving clox…