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“Personalized medicine” is defined as studying an individual's genome to help with selection of proper therapies. A multicenter U.S. team systematically collected metastatic tumor tissue (from lymph nodes, bone, liver, and other sources) from 150 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and compared this tissue's genetic makeup with that of tumor tissue from 440 primary prostate cancers. They determined the nucleic acid sequences of all exons (gene sequences that encode proteins) and of all genes that were being transcribed into messenger RNA. The goal was to identify sequence variants seen in metastatic tumors but not in the primary tumors — variations that might explain metastasis and resistance to androgen-deprivation treatment…