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Although patients with moderate depression often report persistent dysphoria and pessimism, clinicians usually assume that patients would prefer to see things for the better. To assess how depressed and nondepressed individuals use emotion-regulation strategies to strive for happiness or maintain their current moods, investigators examined data from three laboratory experiments that enrolled moderately depressed individuals and nondepressed individuals. Depression symptoms were assessed with self-report measures and clinical interviews.
In two “situation selection” studies (58 and 65 students, respectively), participants rated their initial emotional states and subsequently their emotional responses to sad, neutral, and happy visual images a…