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Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction might play a role in development of dementia, and an antioxidant-rich diet could provide protection. To evaluate this association, researchers conducted a post hoc analysis of 334 participants (mean age, 67; without known cardiovascular disease but with high cardiovascular risk based on traditional risk factors) in a large Spanish diet study (NEJM JW Gen Med Apr 1 2013 and N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1279). Participants had been randomized to eat a Mediterranean diet supplemented with either olive oil (≥4 tablespoons daily) or nuts (30 g daily) or to a control group who were advised to reduce intake of dietary fat.
Batteries of neurocognitive tests were performed at baseline and after a median 4.1 year…