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Animal models and some postmarketing studies have suggested elevated risk for bladder cancer in pioglitazone users. Now, researchers present three studies in which pioglitazone use was assessed in patients who developed bladder cancer (in two studies) and other cancers (in the third study). All studies were conducted at a large integrated healthcare system in California.
In a cohort analysis of 193,099 patients with diabetes (18% treated with pioglitazone for a median 3 years), unadjusted bladder cancer incidence did not differ significantly between those who did and did not use pioglitazone (90 and 76 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). In a case-control analysis that involved 464 patients with incident bladder cancer and 464 matched c…