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Introduction of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the U.S. in 2000 dramatically reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in young children. A 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) was introduced in 2010; one year later, data from an ongoing prospective surveillance study of IPD in eight U.S. children's hospitals showed that the incidence of bacteremia and pneumonia, but not meningitis, had decreased. Using the most recent surveillance data from that study, industry-supported researchers compared epidemiologic trends in pneumococcal meningitis before (2007–2009) and after (2011–2013) PCV13 introduction.
Among 1207 episodes of IPD identified between 2007 and 2013, 173 were meningitis cases. Overall, 7% of patients with meningitis were aged <…